A watt-hour meter is a measuring device that can evaluate and record the electrical power passing via a circuit at a particular time. With the use of a watt-hour meter, we can know how much electrical energy is utilized by a home, business, or an electronic device. For instance, electrical utilities install watt-hour meters at their consumer’s premises to evaluate their electrical usage.
Often called an energy meter, electric meter, electricity meter, or electrical meter, a watt-hour reading is taken during each consumer billing period, and the billing unit is Kilowatt-hour (kWh). This is equal to the total electrical energy used of one kilowatt during one hour by the consumer which is also equal to 3600000 joules.
Generally, watt-hour meters consist of a tiny motor and a counter. The motor operates by diverting the exact fraction of current flowing in a circuit to be measured. Furthermore, the motor’s running or turning speed is directly proportional to the amount of current flow through the circuit. As such, every revolution of the motor’s rotor is analogous to the given amount of current flow in the circuit. Meanwhile, alt counter is affixed to the rotor for the purpose of recording, and the usage of electrical energy is displayed from the total number of rotor revolutions.
In terms of tampering and security, attaching a magnet on the exterior of an old energy meter is a popular tampering method. The combination of partial capacitance and an inductive load leads to a reduction in rotor speed. In contrast, modern meters can store up the previous value with time and date; thus, the potential for tampering is avoided. Some businesses may install remote reporting meters on their utilities to detect tampering.
In general, watt-hour meters can be classified into three different types, those of which are electromechanical type induction meters, electronic energy meters, and smart energy meters. Electromechanical type induction meters are simple measurement devices that are accurate, precise, reliable, and relatively inexpensive. Electronic energy meters, on the other hand, are more robust, provide better quality of electrical distribution, offer enhanced accuracy, and support non-linear loads. Finally, smart energy meters are eco-friendly and efficient, in addition to being harder to tamper with.
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